Song of Solomon 7:12

Authorized King James Version

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Let us get up early to the vineyards; let us see if the vine flourish, whether the tender grape appear, and the pomegranates bud forth: there will I give thee my loves.

Original Language Analysis

נַשְׁכִּ֙ימָה֙ Let us get up early H7925
נַשְׁכִּ֙ימָה֙ Let us get up early
Strong's: H7925
Word #: 1 of 15
literally, to load up (on the back of man or beast), i.e., to start early in the morning
לַכְּרָמִ֔ים to the vineyards H3754
לַכְּרָמִ֔ים to the vineyards
Strong's: H3754
Word #: 2 of 15
a garden or vineyard
נִרְאֶ֞ה let us see H7200
נִרְאֶ֞ה let us see
Strong's: H7200
Word #: 3 of 15
to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)
אִם H518
אִם
Strong's: H518
Word #: 4 of 15
used very widely as demonstrative, lo!; interrogative, whether?; or conditional, if, although; also oh that!, when; hence, as a negative, not
פָּֽרְחָ֤ה flourish H6524
פָּֽרְחָ֤ה flourish
Strong's: H6524
Word #: 5 of 15
to break forth as a bud, i.e., bloom; generally, to spread; specifically, to fly (as extending the wings); figuratively, to flourish
הַגֶּ֙פֶן֙ if the vine H1612
הַגֶּ֙פֶן֙ if the vine
Strong's: H1612
Word #: 6 of 15
a vine (as twining), especially the grape
פִּתַּ֣ח appear H6605
פִּתַּ֣ח appear
Strong's: H6605
Word #: 7 of 15
to open wide (literally or figuratively); specifically, to loosen, begin, plough, carve
הַסְּמָדַ֔ר whether the tender grape H5563
הַסְּמָדַ֔ר whether the tender grape
Strong's: H5563
Word #: 8 of 15
a vine blossom; used also adverbially, abloom
הֵנֵ֖צוּ bud forth H5132
הֵנֵ֖צוּ bud forth
Strong's: H5132
Word #: 9 of 15
properly, to flash; hence, to blossom (from the brilliancy of color)
הָרִמּוֹנִ֑ים and the pomegranates H7416
הָרִמּוֹנִ֑ים and the pomegranates
Strong's: H7416
Word #: 10 of 15
a pomegranate, the tree (from its upright growth) or the fruit (also an artificial ornament)
שָׁ֛ם H8033
שָׁ֛ם
Strong's: H8033
Word #: 11 of 15
there (transferring to time) then; often thither, or thence
אֶתֵּ֥ן there will I give H5414
אֶתֵּ֥ן there will I give
Strong's: H5414
Word #: 12 of 15
to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 13 of 15
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
דֹּדַ֖י thee my loves H1730
דֹּדַ֖י thee my loves
Strong's: H1730
Word #: 14 of 15
(figuratively) to love; by implication, a love-token, lover, friend; specifically an uncle
לָֽךְ׃ H0
לָֽךְ׃
Strong's: H0
Word #: 15 of 15

Analysis & Commentary

Let us get up early to the vineyards; let us see if the vine flourish, whether the tender grape appear, and the pomegranates bud forth: there will I give thee my loves. The bride continues her invitation, specifying morning vineyard inspection and intimate promise. The Hebrew nashkimah lakkeramim nir'eh im pareḥah haggofen pittaḥ hassemadar heneitsu harimonim sham etten et-doday lakh (נַשְׁכִּימָה לַכְּרָמִים נִרְאֶה אִם־פָּרְחָה הַגֶּפֶן פִּתַּח הַסְּמָדַר הֵנֵצוּ הָרִמֹּנִים שָׁם אֶתֵּן אֶת־דֹּדַי לָךְ) blends agricultural observation with erotic promise.

"Let us get up early" (nashkimah) uses shakam (שָׁכַם), meaning to rise early, start early—suggesting eagerness and priority. The righteous throughout Scripture rise early to meet God (Abraham in Genesis 22:3; Moses in Exodus 34:4; Jesus in Mark 1:35). "To the vineyards" (lakkeramim) recalls the bride's earlier self-identification: "my own vineyard have I not kept" (1:6). Now she invites inspection of vineyards, suggesting restored attention to what matters. The threefold question—"if the vine flourish, whether the tender grape appear, and the pomegranates bud forth"—employs horticultural terminology: parach (פָּרַח, bloom), semadar (סְמָדַר, grape blossom), nets (נֵץ, bud). This detailed inspection shows attentiveness to growth stages.

"There will I give thee my loves" (sham etten et-doday lakh) makes the vineyard setting occasion for intimate love. Dodim (דֹּדִים) means loves or love-acts, used elsewhere for physical intimacy (Proverbs 7:18, Ezekiel 16:8). The agricultural imagery is deliberate—fruitfulness in fields mirrors fruitfulness in marriage. Spiritually, this pictures the church inspecting her spiritual health and offering devotion to Christ. The early morning emphasis suggests worship's priority (Psalm 5:3, 63:1). Just as vine inspection requires attentiveness to detail, so spiritual self-examination requires honest assessment (2 Corinthians 13:5).

Historical Context

Ancient viticulture required careful seasonal attention. Spring inspection was critical—vine blossoms appeared March-May, vulnerable to late frosts or pests. Semadar (grape blossom) was brief phase between budbreak and fruit set, fragrant but delicate. Pomegranate buds likewise demanded monitoring for proper fruit development. Successful harvest depended on vigilant care during these early growth stages. The bride's invitation to early morning vineyard inspection thus combines practical agricultural wisdom with romantic intimacy—productive labor becomes context for love. This reflects biblical pattern where work and worship, productivity and intimacy, aren't compartmentalized but integrated (Colossians 3:23-24).

Questions for Reflection